This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The genera
Dero
and
Allonais
belong to the family Naididae. Most species in the genus
Dero
have unique morphological characters including a branchial fossa and/or gills at the posterior end of the body. The genus
Allonais
has no eyes unlike its close relative the genus
Nais
. Of these genera, one species of
Dero
, D. obtusa, was recently reported in Korea. However, the genus
Allonais
has not been recorded in Korea. Here, we report
Dero dorsalis
Ferronière, 1899 and
Allonais pectinata
(Stephenson, 1910) with a diagnosis and illustrations.
Aquatic oligochaeta is one of the most abundant and ecologically important groups in freshwater benthic environments (Jung, 2011). Most species in this group are < 1mm to a few centimeters in length. This group contains several families. Among them, naidid worms are small benthic and/or epibenthic oligochaetes with a worldwide distribution. About 180 species of naidid oligochaetes have been described(Erséus, 2005) and 24 genera are currently recognized(Envall et al., 2006).The species diversity of this family has been the subject of considerable investigation in China, Japan, and Korea. Fiftyeight and 30 species have been reported in China and Japan, respectively(Timm, 1999; Wang and Cui, 2007). In recent years, 15 naidid species in 11 genera have been added to the Korean aquatic oligochaete fauna (Jung, 2011, 2012; Park, 2013). Of these, one species in the genus Dero, D. obtusa, has been reported, but the genus Allonais has not been recorded. In this study, two naidid species in two genera, Dero and Allonais, are reported new to Korea.The specimens were collected with a plankton hand net (mesh size 100μm) from the roots of waterweeds at the edge of streams covered with sand or organic matter. The samples werekept cooland were sorted in the laboratory using a stereomicroscope while the worms were alive. Then, the samples were preserved in 70% ethanol solution. The specimens were stained with Rose Bengal dye for observations and measurements and were temporarily mounted in glycerin. Pictures were taken with a BX41 optical microscope(Olympus,Tokyo, Japan) and an EOS 650D camera(Canon, Tokyo, Japan). The figures are drawn using a microscope equipped with a drawing tube. Measurements were taken using a micrometer on the microscope. These mounted collections are being kept in the lab of Ecology Genetic(LEG), Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University. Other material, preserved in 70% ethanol solution, was submitted to the National Institute of Biological Resources(NIBR) of the Republic of Korea.
Dero dorsalis Ferronière, 1899. A, Dorsal chaetal bundle of IV (length of bifid chaeta 30.43μm, length of hair chaeta 90.92 μm); B, Ventral chaeta of IV (length 36.37 μm); C, Branchial fossa and posterior gills, dorsal aspect. Scale bars: A, C= =10 μm, B=5 μm.
Material examined. All specimens were collected from Geumchoncheon stream, Geumchon-dong, Paju-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 37˚ 76′64.69′′N, 126˚ 77′42.50′′E, 16 Jun, 2013 (collector: Jung J). KN 1306161, KM1306162, KM1306163, and KM1306164: mature, mounted on slides, deposited at LEG. KOSPIV0000181419, KOSPGR0000258786, and KO SPIV0000181431: mature, preserved in 70% ethanol solution, mature specimen, deposited at NIBR.Diagnosis. Length 1.04-2.76mm, width at XI 0.11-0.25mm, number of segments 16-85. Small worms red in color. No eye present. Dorsal chaetae starting from IV, one hair and one needle; needle chaeta with split end; length of hair chaeta about three times longer than needle chaeta (Fig. 1A). Ventral chaetae of anterior segments, bifid, arranged in two rows of 4-5 chaetae per bundle, 35.68-36.37 μm long, 0.72-1.47 μm wide, with distal nodulus and longer upper tooth (Fig.1B). Ventral chaetae of posterior segments with proximal bend. Branchial fossa with two diverging processes from the postero-lateral border(Figs. 1C, 2). Five pairs of gills; two postero-ventral foliate, one lateral foliate, and 2 antero-dorsal foliates(Fig. 1C).
A picture of the posterior part of Dero dorsalis in the living state.
Distribution. Europe, South Asia, and East Asia.Remarks.Dero dorsalis has two diagnostic features (Brinkhurst and Jamieson, 1971). It has dorsal chaeta starting from IV and five pairs of gill at the posterior end of the body. The specimens we examined clearly presented both diagnostic characteristics of D. dorsalis. In addition, the specimens in this study were almost similar to those of previous studies (e.g., Ohtaka and Nishino, 2006) in the shapes of dorsal and ventral chaetae, nodules, branchial fossa, and gills. This is the first record of this species from Korea.
Material examined. All specimens collected from a shallow ditch covered with duckweed in Mangchi-ri, Irun-myeon, Geoje-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea, 34˚48′52.38′′N, 128˚ 40′31.15′′E, 24 Apr 2013(collector Lee J). GN1304241 and GN1304242: mature, mounted on slides; deposited at LEG. KOSPIV0000193673, KOSPGR0000257078, and KOSPIV 0000193707: mature, preserved in 70% ethanol solution; deposited at NIBR.Diagnosis. Length 0.7-1.54mm, width at VI 0.19-0.43mm, number of segments 31-55. No eyes. Prostomium rounded. Dorsal chaetae starting from III. Dorsal chaetae of III with no hair, two needles with pectinate tips(Fig. 3A). Dorsal chaetae bundles of remaining segments, consisting of one hair and one needle with pectinate tip(Fig. 3C). Dorsal chaetal bundle rarely consisting of one needle and two hairs. Pectinate needles consisting of marginal teeth of almost equal length and 3-5 intermediate teeth. Ventral chaetae beginning from II, four per bundle, sometimes one or two per bundle; the upper tooth slightly longer than the lower tooth; upper tooth thinner than lower tooth(Fig. 3D).Distribution. North America, Asia, Australia, and Africa.Remarks. This is the first record of Allonais pectinata from Korea. The specimens in this study have no hair on the dorsal chaetal bundle of segment III, and dorsal chaeta hair occurred first on segment IV(Fig. 3B). The diagnostic features of the specimens in this study were similar to those of previous studies(Naidu and Naidu, 1979), except the chaeta hair starting from segment IV. The distinctive features of this species are dorsal needle chaetae with pectinate tips.
Korean name: 열아가미몽똑물지뜁이(신칭)
Korean name: 물지뜁이붙이속(신칭)
Korean name: 빗살물지뜁이붙이(신칭)
Korean name: 물지뜁이붙이속(신칭)
Korean name: 빗살물지뜁이붙이(신칭)
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources(NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment(MOE) of the Republic of Korea(NIBR No. 2013-02-001) and was supported by the BK21 Plus funded by the Ministry of Education, Korea(31Z20130012990).
Brinkhurst RO
1971
The aquatic Oligochaeta known from Australia, New Zealand, Tasmania and Adjacent Islands. University of Queensland Papers. Department of Zoology, Vol. 3
University of Queensland Press
St. Lucia
99 -
128
Brinkhurst RO
1986
Guide to the freshwater aquatic microdrile oligochaetes of North America
Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
84
1 -
259
Chen Y
1940
Taxonorny and faunal relations of the limnic Oligochaeta of China
Contributions of the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China (Zoology)
14
1 -
131
Envall I
,
Källersjö M
,
Erséus C
2006
Molecular evidence for the non-monophyletic status of Naidinae (Annelida, Clitellata, Tubificidae)
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.03.021
40
570 -
584
Ferronière G
1899
Contribution à l’élude de la faune de la Loire Inférieure (Annelides, Oligochètes)
Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Naturelles de l’Ouest de la France
9
229 -
295
Gervais P
1838
Note sur la disposition systematique des Annélides chétopodes de la famille des Nais
Bulletin de l’Académie Royale de Sciences et Belles-lettres de Bruxelles
5
13 -
25
Jung J
2011
Naidid oligochaetes (Annelida: Clitellata) from the Seokhyeoncheon and Changreungcheon Streams with new record of Nais variabilis
Korean Journal of Limnology
44
407 -
410
Jung J
2012
New record of a Naidid Oligochaete species, Ripistes parasita (Annelida: Clitellata: Naididae) from Korea
Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
http://dx.doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2012.28.2.137
28
137 -
139
Malevich II
1929
Die Oligochaeten der Gewasser der Meschtschera- Niederung. Materialien zur Fauna und zur Oekologie
Arbeiten der Biologischen Station zu Kossino Moscow
9
41 -
60
Naidu KV
1962
Studies on the fresh-water Oligochaeta of South India I: Aeolosomatidae and Naididae. Part 2
Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
59
131 -
1450
Naidu KV
,
Naidu KA
1979
Occurrence of Allonais pectinata (Stephenson, 1910) (Oligochaeta: Naididae) in Andhra Pradesh, India
Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03179110
88
325 -
327
Ohtaka A
,
Nishida M
,
Shikatani H
,
Shokita S
2003
Oligochaeta;The flora and fauna of inland waters in the Ryukyu Islands
Tokai University Press
Tokyo
190 -
196
Ohtaka A
,
Nishino M
2006
Studies on the aquatic oligochaete fauna in Lake Biwa, central Japan. IV. Faunal characteristics in the attached lakes (naiko)
Limnology
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10201-006-0173-1
7
129 -
142
Schuster RW
1915
Morphologische und biologische Studien an Naiden in Sachsen und Böhmen
Internationale Revue der Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie Supplement
7
1 -
108
Stephenson J
1925
Oligochaeta from various regions including those collected by the Mount Everest Expedition 1924
Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London
95
879 -
907
Stephenson J
1932
Report on the Oligochaeta: Mr. Omer-Cooper’s investigation of the Abyssinian fresh waters
Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London
102
227 -
256
Timm T
1999
Distribution of freshwater oligochaetes in the west and east coastal regions of the North Pacific Ocean
Hydrobiologia
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003749519662
406
67 -
81
Vaillant L
,
De Quatrefages A
,
Vaillant L
1890
Histoire naturelle des Annélés marins et d’eau douce. In: Lombriciniens, Hirudiniens, Bdellomorphes, Teretulariesn et Planariens (Eds., De Quatrefages A, Vaillant L). Vol. 3
Paris
386 -
Wang HZ
,
Cui YD
2007
On the studies of Microdrile Oligochaeta and Aeolosomatidae (Annelida) in China: brief history and species checklist
Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica Supplement
31
87 -
98
Citing 'Two Aquatic Oligochaete Species, Dero dorsalis and Allonais pectinata (Annelida: Clitellata: Naididae), New to Korea
'
@article{ DMBRBT_2014_v30n2_119}
,title={Two Aquatic Oligochaete Species, Dero dorsalis and Allonais pectinata (Annelida: Clitellata: Naididae), New to Korea}
,volume={2}
, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2014.30.2.119}, DOI={10.5635/ASED.2014.30.2.119}
, number= {2}
, journal={Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity}
, publisher={The Korean Society of Systematic Zoology}
, author={Lee, Jeounghee
and
Jung, Jongwoo}
, year={2014}
, month={Apr}
TY - JOUR
T2 - Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
AU - Lee, Jeounghee
AU - Jung, Jongwoo
SN - 2234-6953
TI - Two Aquatic Oligochaete Species, Dero dorsalis and Allonais pectinata (Annelida: Clitellata: Naididae), New to Korea
VL - 30
PB - The Korean Society of Systematic Zoology
DO - 10.5635/ASED.2014.30.2.119
PY - 2014
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2014.30.2.119
ER -
Lee, J.
,
&
Jung, J.
( 2014).
Two Aquatic Oligochaete Species, Dero dorsalis and Allonais pectinata (Annelida: Clitellata: Naididae), New to Korea.
Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity,
30
(2)
The Korean Society of Systematic Zoology.
doi:10.5635/ASED.2014.30.2.119
Lee, J
,
&
Jung, J
2014,
Two Aquatic Oligochaete Species, Dero dorsalis and Allonais pectinata (Annelida: Clitellata: Naididae), New to Korea,
Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity,
vol. 2,
no. 2,
Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2014.30.2.119
[1]
J Lee
,
and
J Jung
,
“Two Aquatic Oligochaete Species, Dero dorsalis and Allonais pectinata (Annelida: Clitellata: Naididae), New to Korea”,
Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity,
vol. 2,
no. 2,
Apr
2014.
Lee, Jeounghee
and
,
Jung, Jongwoo
and
,
“Two Aquatic Oligochaete Species, Dero dorsalis and Allonais pectinata (Annelida: Clitellata: Naididae), New to Korea”
Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity,
2.
2
2014:
Lee, J
,
Jung, J
Two Aquatic Oligochaete Species, Dero dorsalis and Allonais pectinata (Annelida: Clitellata: Naididae), New to Korea.
Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
[Internet].
2014.
Apr ;
2
(2)
Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2014.30.2.119
Lee, Jeounghee
,
and
Jung, Jongwoo
,
“Two Aquatic Oligochaete Species, Dero dorsalis and Allonais pectinata (Annelida: Clitellata: Naididae), New to Korea.”
Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
2
no.2
()
Apr,
2014):
http://dx.doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2014.30.2.119