A taxonomic study of the Korean
Hydrochus
Leach is presented. They inhabit in the margins of shallow lentic water with plentiful vegetation. The genus
Hydrochus
Leach contains about 28 species in the Palaearctic region and only
H. japonicus
Sharp is recently listed in Korea. Here, two species are recognized, one of which is reported for the first time in Korea (
H. chubu
Balfour-Browne & Satô). This species are distinguished from
H. aequalis
Sharp by impressed pronotum and from
H. japonicus
by dark brown elytra. Habitus photographs, descriptions, and diagnostic characters with illustrations of the species are provided.
INTRODUCTION
While surveying the Korean aquatic beetle fauna, we collected two unusual small hydrophilid species. After detailed studies of their comparative morphology, we identified them as
Hydrochus chubu
Balfour-Browne & Satô and
H. japonicus
Sharp.
The genus
Hydrochus
Leach contains about 28 species in the Palaearctic region (Hansen, 2004); 3 species in China, 3 species in Japan, 1 species in Taiwan, 2 species in Far East of Russia and only
H. japonicus
Sharp is recently listed in Korea by Jung et al. (2011) without any taxonomic comments. Members of the genus live in the margins of shallow lentic water with plentiful vegetation. They can be distinguished by the combination of following characters: eyes strongly protruding; maxillary palpomere 4 asymmetrical, longer than palpomere 3; antenna with 7 antennomeres; pronotum narrowed toward base; elytron with 10 rows of punctures; tibia without fringe of long swimming hairs on dorsal part; ventral surface of thorax and sternites with pit-like large punctures; sternite VII with semitransparent plate on apical part.
In this paper, we report
H. chubu
Balfour-Browne & Satô for the first time in Korea and provide habitus photographs, descriptions, and diagnostic characters with illustrations of two Korean
Hydrochus
species. The specimens used in this study are deposited in Chungnam National University Insect Collection (CNUIC), Daejeon, Korea.
SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNTS
-
Order Coleoptera Linné, 1758
-
Family Hydrophilidae Latreille, 1802
-
Subfamily Hydrochinae Thomson, 1859
-
1*GenusHydrochusLeach, 1817
Hydrochus
Leach, 1817: 90; Balfour-Browne & Satô, 1962: 1; Smetana, 1988: 9; Shatrovskiy, 1989: 275; Hansen, 1991: 98; 2004: 42.
-
2*Hydrochus chubuBalfour-Browne & Satô, 1962 (Figs. 1A,2)
Hydrochus chubu
Balfour-Browne & Satô, 1962: 3; Satô, 1984: 205; Hansen, 2004: 43.
Material examined.
Korea: 1♀, Jeju Prov., Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eub, Seonheul-ri, 26 Jul 2005, Lee SH,
ex
pond (on
A, Hydrochus chubu, 3.2 mm; B, H. japonicus, 3.4 mm.
Hydrochus chubu. A, Mentum, ventral aspect; B, Apical part of elytra, dorsal aspect; C, Metafemur, lateral aspect; D, Sternite VII, ventral aspect. Scale bars: A-D=0.1 mm.
slide, CNUIC); 1♀, 22 May 2006, Lee DH (CNUIC); 1♀, 22 Aug 2007, Lee SH (CNUIC).
Description.
Body 3.2-3.7 mm, elongated, with many punctures (
Fig. 1
A). Head black, pronotum and elytra dark brown. Ventral surface grey with hydrofuse pubescence but leg yellowish brown to brown. Head depressed at middle part, epicranial suture indistinct. Antennae with 7 antennomeres and 5-7 clubbed with pubescence, antennomere 1 as long as 2- 4 combined, apical part of 4 dish-shaped. Mentum with large and sparse punctures, anterior margin rounded (
Fig. 2
A).
Hydrochus japonicus. A, Antenna, dorsal aspect; B, Mentum, ventral aspect; C, Maxillary palpus, ventral aspect; D, Pronotum, dorsal aspect; E, Apical part of elytra, dorsal aspect; F, Metafemur, lateral aspect; G, Protarsus, lateral aspect; H, Sternite VII, ventral aspect; I, Aedeagus, ventral aspect. Scale bars: A-I=0.1 mm.
Labrum with many long setae on anterior and lateral parts. Mandible with many short setae on apico-lateral part. Maxillary palpomere 1 with one seta on sub-basal part, 2 with two setae on sub-basal part, 4 with one seta on sub-apical part. Labial palpomere 1 longer than 2; 3 with one long seta on apical part. Pronotum more or less reversed pentagonal with large seven impressions; lateral margin crenulated. Elytron with 4 large membranous punctures on apical part, diameter as long as elytral punctures (
Fig. 2
B). Pro- and mesofemur with hydrofuse pubescence on basal part, metafemur with hydrofuse pubescence on antero-basal third (
Fig. 2
C). Tarsomere 5 as long as 1-4 combined. Sternite VII with 10 large punctures on middle part (
Fig. 2
D), semitransparent plate with many spines (
Fig. 2
D).
Remarks.
This species can be distinguished from
H. aequalis
Sharp by pronotum with large impressions and from
H. japonicus
by dark brown elytra.
Distribution.
Korea, Japan.
-
1*Hydrochus japonicusSharp, 1873 (Figs. 1B,3)
Hydrochus japonicus
Sharp, 1873: 64; Balfour-Browne & Satô, 1962: 4; Nakane et al., 1963: 63; Satô, 1984: 205; Jäch, 1995: 182; Hansen, 2004: 43; Jung et al., 2011: 43.
Hydrochus annamita
Régimbart, 1903: 64.
Material examined.
Korea: 1♂, Jeju Prov., Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eub, Seonheul-ri, 11 Jun 2005, Lee DH,
ex
pond (on slide, CNUIC); 1♂ 1♀, 27 Jul 2005, Lee SH (on slides, CNUIC); 1♀, 28 Jul 2005, Lee SH (CNUIC); 1♂1♀, Dongbaek-pond, 25 Sep 2008 (CNUIC).
Description.
Body 3.4-3.7 mm, elongated, with many punctures (
Fig. 1
B). Head, pronotum bluish and elytra yellowish grey. Ventral surface dark grey with hydrofuse pubescence. Head depressed at middle part, epicranial suture indistinct. Antennae with 7 antennomeres and 5-7 clubbed with pubescence (
Fig. 3
A), antennomere 1 as long as 2-4 combined, apical part of 4 dish-shaped. Mentum pointed at the anterior margin and with sparse and large punctures (
Fig. 3
B). Labrum with many long setae on anterior and lateral parts. Mandible with many short setae on apico-lateral part. Maxillary palpomere 1 with one seta on sub-basal part (
Fig. 3
C), 2 with two setae on sub-basal part, 4 with one seta on sub-apical part. Labial palpomere 1 longer than 2, 3 with one long seta on apical part. Pronotum more or less reversed pentagonal, large seven impressions present (
Fig. 3
D), lateral margin of pronotum crenulated. Elytron with 5 large membranous punctures on apical part, diameter as long as elytral punctures (
Fig. 3
E). Pro- and mesofemur with hydrofuse pubescence on basal part, metafemur with hydrofuse pubescence on antero-basal forth (
Fig. 3
F). Tarsomere 5 as long as 1-4 combined (
Fig. 3
G). Sternite VII with 10 large punctures on middle part (
Fig. 3
H), semitransparent plate with many spines. Median lobe of aedeagus shorter than paramere, apical part V-shaped (
Fig. 3
I). Apical part of paramere sinuate (
Fig. 3
I).
Remarks.
This species can be distinguished from
H. aequalis
and
H. chubu
by the metallic body color and median lobe distinctly shorter than paramere.
Distribution.
Korea, China, Japan.
Korean name: 1*곰보물땡땡이속, 2*갈색곰보물땡땡이 (신칭)
Korean name: 1* 곰보물땡땡이
Acknowledgements
Financial support was provided by the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) of Ministry of Environment, KOREA (1834-302) and the research onHydrochus chubunewly discovered in Korea was supported by “The Survey of Korean Indigenous Species, 2012” supported by National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) of Ministry of Environment of Korea.
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